Recently, the teachers of CAMS& PUMC have published a report on Energy Conversion and Management, animportant journal of energy. If = 10.9) He published a research paper titled "Synergisticintegration of solid-state hydrogen storage with thermal and electrical energystorage: Multi-energy collaborative optimization," and the correspondingauthor is Professor Gu Xiaokun of CAMC. Professor Yuanyuan Wang participated inthe research, and Changyi Xie, a graduate student at the China-UK Low CarbonSchool of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, is the first author.

Research Background

In the context of"dual-carbon," hydrogen has become the focus of energy transformationby virtue of its advantages of high energy density, zero emission, easy storageand ease of use. The solid-state hydrogen storage technology represented bymetal hydride is especially suitable for long-term energy storage due to itshigh safety and high volumetric hydrogen storage density. However, in theprocess of hydrogen absorption and desorption, there are severe thermal effectsin hydrogen storage materials, which lead to the difficulty of thermalmanagement, and further restrict the efficiency of the system.

Research content

In that pap, a new hybrid energystorage integrated system is construct, in which metal hydride solid-statehydrogen storage, phase change material (PCM) heat storage and battery powerstorage are deeply coupled and synergetically optimized, The thermal managementproblem in the solid-state hydrogen storage process is effectively solved, andthe comprehensive energy efficiency of the system is significantly improved.The research highlights are as follows:

1. deep hydrogen-thermalcoupling

By introducing the phase changematerial heat storage unit, the system can recover and store the heat releasedduring the hydrogen absorption process of the solid-state hydrogen storagedevice and the waste heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell, and subsequentlybe used for driving hydrogen desorption and meeting the user's heat demand,Thus reducing the dependence on external heat sources and improving theefficiency of energy utilization.

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of integrated energy system structure based on solid-statehydrogen storage

2. two-stage collaborativeoptimization

In order to optimize the overallperformance of the system, a multi-objective and two-stage collaborativeoptimization framework is established. The framework combines the NSGA-IIalgorithm with the TOPSIS decision-making method, aiming to balance the threecore indicators of the system's total cost, carbon emission and independence(grid dependence). Specifically, the first phase optimizes the capacity ofrenewable energy generation units such as photovoltaic and wind power. On thisbasis, in the second stage, the scale of the three energy storage subsystems ofheat storage, electricity storage and hydrogen storage is further determined,so as to realize the collaborative optimization at the system level.

Figure2. two-stage collaborative optimization framework

3. system performancevalidation

To evaluate the impact ofdifferent energy storage combinations and renewable energy configurations onsystem performance, six typical scenarios are set up and verified bysimulation. The results show that the integrated model integrating hydrogen,heat and electricity is the best in comprehensive performance, especially underthe hybrid configuration of PV � C wind power:

・            Compared to the battery-free energy storage mode, carbonemissions are reduced by 59.9% and grid interaction is reduced by 38.6%.

・            The levelized energy cost (LCOE) of the system is 17.0% lowerthan that of the non-thermal storage mode.

Fig.3 Power purchase and sales of the system in different scenarios

Significance of Research

This paper not only providestheoretical support for solid-state hydrogen storage from laboratory toengineering application, but also provides an optimized framework for thefuture-oriented multi-energy complementary, low-carbon and high-efficiencyintegrated energy system, It is conducive to promoting the integratedapplication of hydrogen energy and multi-energy storage technology in thefuture energy system.

Information for the paper: ChangyiXie, Yuanyuan Wang and Xiaokun Gu, Synergic integration of solid-state hydrogenstorage with thermal and electrical energy storage: Multi-energy collaborativeoptimization, Energy Conversion and Management, 343, 120228 (2025).

Paper link: Https: / /doi.org / 10.1016 / j.enconman.2025.120228